43 research outputs found

    Belgian rare diseases plan in clinical pathology : identification of key biochemical diagnostic tests and establishment of reference laboratories and financing conditions

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    BackgroundOne objective of the Belgian Rare Diseases plan is to improve patients' management using phenotypic tests and, more specifically, the access to those tests by identifying the biochemical analyses used for rare diseases, developing new financing conditions and establishing reference laboratories.MethodsA feasibility study was performed from May 2015 until August 2016 in order to select the financeable biochemical analyses, and, among them, those that should be performed by reference laboratories. This selection was based on an inventory of analyses used for rare diseases and a survey addressed to the Belgian laboratories of clinical pathology (investigating the annual analytical costs, volumes, turnaround times and the tests unavailable in Belgium and outsourced abroad). A proposal of financeable analyses, financing modalities, reference laboratories' scope and budget estimation was developed and submitted to the Belgian healthcare authorities. After its approval in December 2016, the implementation phase took place from January 2017 until December 2019.ResultsIn 2019, new reimbursement conditions have been published for 46 analyses and eighteen reference laboratories have been recognized. Collaborations have also been developed with 5 foreign laboratories in order to organize the outsourcing and financing of 9 analyses unavailable in Belgium.ConclusionsIn the context of clinical pathology and rare diseases, this initiative enabled to identify unreimbursed analyses and to meet the most crucial financial needs. It also contributed to improve patients' management by establishing Belgian reference laboratories and foreign referral laboratories for highly-specific analyses and a permanent surveillance, quality and financing framework for those tests

    Morbillivirus Glycoprotein Expression Induces ER Stress, Alters Ca2+ Homeostasis and Results in the Release of Vasostatin

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    Although the pathology of Morbillivirus in the central nervous system (CNS) is well described, the molecular basis of neurodegenerative events still remains poorly understood. As a model to explore Morbillivirus-mediated CNS dysfunctions, we used canine distemper virus (CDV) that we inoculated into two different cell systems: a monkey cell line (Vero) and rat primary hippocampal neurons. Importantly, the recombinant CDV used in these studies not only efficiently infects both cell types but recapitulates the uncommon, non-cytolytic cell-to-cell spread mediated by virulent CDVs in brain of dogs. Here, we demonstrated that both CDV surface glycoproteins (F and H) markedly accumulated in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). This accumulation triggered an ER stress, characterized by increased expression of the ER resident chaperon calnexin and the proapoptotic transcription factor CHOP/GADD 153. The expression of calreticulin (CRT), another ER resident chaperon critically involved in the response to misfolded proteins and in Ca2+ homeostasis, was also upregulated. Transient expression of recombinant CDV F and H surface glycoproteins in Vero cells and primary hippocampal neurons further confirmed a correlation between their accumulation in the ER, CRT upregulation, ER stress and disruption of ER Ca2+ homeostasis. Furthermore, CDV infection induced CRT fragmentation with re-localisation of a CRT amino-terminal fragment, also known as vasostatin, on the surface of infected and neighbouring non-infected cells. Altogether, these results suggest that ER stress, CRT fragmentation and re-localization on the cell surface may contribute to cytotoxic effects and ensuing cell dysfunctions triggered by Morbillivirus, a mechanism that might potentially be relevant for other neurotropic viruses

    Quelle communication autour de la dĂ©croissance ? : analyse de la communication des collectifs belges francophones s’inscrivant dans une dĂ©marche dĂ©croissante

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    Mémoire de Master [120] en communication, Université catholique de Louvain, 201

    Le « consensus d’Antalya » : les avancĂ©es de la Plateforme intergouvernementale scientifique et politique sur la biodiversitĂ© et les services Ă©cosystĂ©miques (IPBES)

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    AprĂšs avoir retracĂ© les grandes Ă©tapes qui ont conduit Ă  la crĂ©ation de la Plateforme intergouvernementale sur la biodiversitĂ© et les services Ă©cosystĂ©miques (IPBES), fonctionnelle depuis dĂ©but 2013, cet article dĂ©crit les points-clĂ©s de la seconde session plĂ©niĂšre d’IPBES qui s’est tenue Ă  Antalya, en Turquie, en dĂ©cembre 2013. Une sĂ©rie de dĂ©cisions rangĂ©es sous l’appellation de « consensus d’Antalya » ont Ă©tĂ© prises par des reprĂ©sentants de 115 États dans trois grands domaines : le programme de travail pour les cinq annĂ©es Ă  venir (2014-2018), les rĂšgles et procĂ©dures de fonctionnement de la plateforme ainsi que les engagements financiers permettant de lui confĂ©rer l’autonomie suffisante pour son fonctionnement. D’autres questions sont restĂ©es en suspens, notamment celle de la place accordĂ©e aux acteurs non Ă©tatiques dans ce processus intergouvernemental. La troisiĂšme session plĂ©niĂšre d’IPBES aura lieu Ă  Bonn du 12 au 17 janvier 2015 : elle devrait, entre autres, dĂ©battre de la thĂ©matique de la pollinisation et de la production de nourriture

    Brief report comparing the Scale of Emotional Development - Short (SED-S) with other scales for emotional development

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    Sappok T, Morisse F, Flachsmeyer M, Vandevelde S, Ilic M, Barrett BF. Brief report comparing the Scale of Emotional Development - Short (SED-S) with other scales for emotional development. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research. 2023.BACKGROUND: Different instruments were devised for assessing emotional development (ED) level in persons with an intellectual disability (ID), that is, the Scale of Emotional Development - Short (SED-S), the Scheme for Appraisal of Emotional Development (SAED), the Scale for Emotional Development - Second Revision (SED-R2 ) and the Schaal voor Emotionele Ontwikkeling - Lukas (SEO-Lukas). The aim of this study was to compare the level of emotional functioning as assessed with the SED-S with the SAED, SED-R2 and SEO-Lukas.; METHODS: Emotional development was measured in adults with ID with the SED-S (N=186) and the SAED (n=85), the SED-R2 (n=50) and the SEO-Lukas (n=51). Correlation analysis and Cohen's kappas were calculated between the SED-S and the three respective scales. Internal consistencies (Cronbach's alpha) of the four scales were determined.; RESULTS: The SED-S results correlated most with the SEO-Lukas (gamma=1; Đșomega=0.936) followed by the SAED (gamma=0.809; Đșomega=0.343) and least by the SED-R2 (gamma=0.665; Đșomega=0.182). The stage of ED assessed with the SED-S was lower than the ED results measured with the SAED, but higher than with the SED-R2 and most similar to the SEO-Lukas. Cronbach's alphas were high, ranging from 0.853 to 0.975.; CONCLUSIONS: Given the respective differences between the scales, the SED-S may equalise the results as compared with previous versions. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research published by MENCAP and International Association of the Scientific Study of Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities and John Wiley & Sons Ltd

    Identification du rythme annuel de prĂ©cipitation des carbonates pariĂ©taux pour un calage micro-chronologique des occupations archĂ©ologiques pyrogĂ©niques : cas de la Grotte Mandrin (Malataverne, DrĂŽme, France)

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    International audienceIn rock shelters and caves, the geo-archaeological reading of sediments can allow, in favourable cases, a micro-chronological study of traces of anthropogenic activities and in particular in the use of fire. If the recurrence in the use of fireplaces can sometimes be identified by a micromorphological study of these ground structures, it is very uncertain that all the different combustion episodes can be identified. It turns out that paleo-fire events can be recorded elsewhere than in the hearths. For instance, they can be recorded as soot marks trapped in speleothems, which are witnesses of fires made inside the caves. Thus they can be the object of a fuliginochronological study (lat. fuligo, fuliginosus: soot), which consists in studying the succession of soot deposits trapped in a matrix. Some limestone speleothems have another advantage, which is to be annually laminated. When it can be demonstrated, the joint study of soot films and calcite doublets allows the construction of precise paleo-fire chronicles. In this study, we demonstrate, with the help of both crystalline fabric analysis and seasonal variations of strontium (Sr) content, that the calcite doublets observed in the fine parietal carbonated crusts of the Grotte Mandrin archaeological site are indeed annual. We used LIBS technics (Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy), which reveals relative variations of minor and traces elements, within speleothems carbonates, on an annual or sub-annual level. Soot film sequences can then be indexed to the annual carbonates precipitation calendar, giving precise paleo-fire chronicles. The study of the rhythmicities of human occupations at the Grotte Mandrin then becomes accessible with an unequalled precision.Dans les abris-sous-roche et grottes, la lecture gĂ©oarchĂ©ologique des sĂ©diments peut permettre, dans des cas favorables, une Ă©tude micro-chronologique des traces d’activitĂ©s anthropiques et en particulier de l’usage du feu. Si la rĂ©currence dans l’utilisation des foyers peut parfois ĂȘtre identifiĂ©e par une Ă©tude micromorphologique de ces structures au sol, il n’est pas Ă©vident que l’ensemble des diffĂ©rents Ă©pisodes de combustion puisse y ĂȘtre identifiĂ©. Il se trouve que les Ă©vĂ©nements de palĂ©o-feux peuvent ĂȘtre enregistrĂ©s ailleurs que dans les foyers, par exemple sous la forme d’imprĂ©gnations de suie enregistrĂ©es dans les spĂ©lĂ©othĂšmes, tĂ©moins des feux passĂ©s dans les cavitĂ©s ; elles peuvent faire l’objet d’une Ă©tude fuliginochronologique (lat. fuligo,fuliginosus : suie), qui consiste Ă  Ă©tudier la succession des dĂ©pĂŽts de suie piĂ©gĂ©s dans une matrice. Certaines concrĂ©tions calcaires ont un autre avantage, celui de prĂ©senter des lamines pouvant ĂȘtre annuelles. Lorsque cela peut ĂȘtre dĂ©montrĂ©, l’étude conjointe des films de suie et des doublets de calcite permet de caler les chroniques de palĂ©o-feux sur une Ă©chelle micro-chronologique de temps mesurĂ©. Dans cette Ă©tude, nous dĂ©montrons, grĂące Ă  l’analyse conjointe des alternances de fabrique cristalline et des variations saisonniĂšres de la teneur en strontium (Sr), que les doublets de calcite observĂ©s dans les fins encroĂ»tements carbonatĂ©s pariĂ©taux du site archĂ©ologique de la Grotte Mandrin sont annuels. Pour ce faire, nous avons recours Ă  la spectroscopie sur plasma induit par laser (LIBS – Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy) qui permet de rĂ©vĂ©ler des variations relatives d’élĂ©ments mineurs et traces dans ces concrĂ©tions avec une Ă©chelle annuelle Ă  sub-annuelle. Les sĂ©quences de films de suie peuvent donc ĂȘtre indexĂ©es sur le calendrier annuel de la prĂ©cipitation des carbonates et les chroniques de palĂ©o-feux calĂ©es sur une Ă©chelle chronologique relative et prĂ©cise Ă  l’annĂ©e prĂšs, voire la saison. L’étude des rythmicitĂ©s des occupations humaines sur le site de la Grotte Mandrin devient alors accessible avec une rĂ©solution jusqu’alors inĂ©galĂ©e

    Immunisation de la chĂšvre primipare contre l’infection expĂ©rimentale Ă  Brucella melitensis comparaison des vaccins REV. 1 et H 38. ExpĂ©riences de fougĂšres. CinquiĂšme partie

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    A comparative study of the Rev. 1 and H 38 antibrucellic vaccines has been carried out on seventy-six alpine primiparous goats. After being vaccinated at 9 months, they were covered 70 to 110 days later, then infected at the end of this period with Br. melitensis, strain 53 H 38 by instillation of 2 x 10s germs on the conjonctiva. The H 38 vaccine determines the production of an important quantity of persisting antibodies ; this production is less important and, above all, more transient with the vaccine Rev. 1. This has significantly reduced the brucellic abortion rate, the brucella excretion at delivery and the germs count in tissues at autopsy ; the H 38 vaccine has also reduced them, but the difference with the controls was not significant.Une Ă©tude comparative des vaccins antibrucelliques Rev. 1 et H 38 a Ă©tĂ© effectuĂ©e sur soixante-seize chĂšvres primipares de race alpine. A l'Ăąge de 9 mois environ, celles-ci furent rĂ©parties par randomisation en trois lots (le troisiĂšme servant de tĂ©moin), pour ĂȘtre vaccinĂ©es ; elle furent saillies de 70 Ă  110 jours plus tard, puis infectĂ©es Ă  l'issue de ce dĂ©lai avec Br. melitensis, souche 53 H 38 par dĂ©pĂŽt sur la conjonctive de 2 x 105 germes. Le vaccin H 38 dĂ©termine la production d’une quantitĂ© importante d’anticorps persistants ; cette production est moins marquĂ©e, et surtout plus fugace, avec le vaccin Rev. 1. Celui-ci a rĂ©duit de façon significative le taux des avortements brucelliques, l’excrĂ©tion des Brucella Ă  la parturition et le nombre de germes dans les tissus Ă  l’autopsie ; le vaccin H 38 les a Ă©galement rĂ©duits, mais la diffĂ©rence avec les tĂ©moins n'Ă©tait pas significative.Gaumont R., Trap DaniĂšle, Dhennin L., Angeli Christiane, Labonnefon G. de, MahĂ© Anne-Marie, Vandevelde Jacqueline. Immunisation de la chĂšvre primipare contre l’infection expĂ©rimentale Ă  Brucella melitensis comparaison des vaccins REV. 1 et H 38. ExpĂ©riences de fougĂšres. CinquiĂšme partie . In: Bulletin de l'AcadĂ©mie VĂ©tĂ©rinaire de France tome 131 n°3, 1978. pp. 359-369
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